What technologies can be used across the tiers ?

TECHNOLOGIES USED IN TIERS

Client

• Java AWT / Swing
• Applets
• Android SDK
• HTML / CSS
• JS - AngularJS, jQuery, Bootstrap

Presentation (Web)

• JSP / Servlet
• JSF
• Spring MVC
• Templates : Thymleaf, Velocity, Freemarker

Business

• Spring
• EJB

Resource

• SQL : MySQL, PostGreSQL, Oracle etc.
• NoSQL : MongoDB etc.

Integration

• Shared DB
• Features : Shares data, Timely, High coupling
• File transfer / Shared file
• Features : Shares data, Loose coupling, Less timely
• RPC
• RMI, Corba
• Features : Shares functionality, Less complex, High coupling , Less reliability
• Messaging 
• Web services : JAX-WS, SOAP, REST
• JMS / MQ / ESB : RabbitMQ, ActiveMQ
• Features : Shares functionality + data , Loose coupling, Timely, Middleware dependent
• Channel (Queue) : Pipe b/w sender and reciever 
• Endpoint : Gateway of each system (sender and reciever
• Flow : Endpoint1 (sender) ---> channel ---> Endpoint2 (reciever)
  

• Interaction types
• Request-driven : Client requests a service from a server and waits for the response
• Event-driven : Agent publishes an event and interested subscribers receive the event.

• Others
• JDBC
• JCA (Java Connector Architecture)
• Apache Camel, Spring Integration : prefer these over Workflow engines for managing WS calls for talking to different systems