Database connection URLs for common databases

When working with a database system via JDBC, the following information is required for making connection to the database :

• Driver class name
  Name of the class that implements java.sql.Driver interface. The JDBC’s driver manager needs to load this class in order to work with the database driver.
  
• Database URL
  A string that contains information about the database to connect to and other configuration properties. This string has its own format and is varied among different databases.

1. MySQL

Driver class name : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

Format of database URL :  jdbc:mysql:// [host] [,failoverhost...] [:port] / [database]

                       [?propertyName1][=propertyValue1][&propertyName2][=propertyValue2]...

Examples : 

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?user=root&password=secret

2. SQL Server

Driver class name : com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver

Format of database URL: jdbc:sqlserver:// [serverName [\instanceName] 

                                             [:portNumber] ] [;property=value[;property=value]]

Examples :

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;integratedSecurity=true;

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost\\sqlexpress;integratedSecurity=true

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost\\sqlexpress;user=sa;password=secret

3. Oracle

Driver class name : oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

Format of database URL : jdbc:oracle:<driver-type>:@<database>

                                             jdbc:oracle:<driver-type>:<user>/<password>@<database>

where driver-type can be thin, oci or kprb.

Examples :

jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:thin:root/secret@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:oci:@hoststring

jdbc:oracle:oci:@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:oci:root/secret@hoststring

jdbc:oracle:oci:root/secret@localhost:1521:testdb

4. PostgreSQL

Driver class name : org.postgresql.Driver

Format of database URL : jdbc:postgresql:<database>

                                             jdbc:postgresql://<host>/<database>

                                             jdbc:postgresql://<host>:<port>/<database>

Examples : 

jdbc:postgresql:testdb

jdbc:postgresql://localhost/testdb

jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/testdb

5. JavaDB (Apache Derby)

Driver class name : org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver

Format of database URL : jdbc:derby: [subsubprotocol:] [databaseName][;attribute=value] *

where subsubprotocol can take one of the following values : directory (default), memory, classpath, and jar.

Examples : 

jdbc:derby:testdb

jdbc:derby:centraldb/sales

jdbc:derby:sample;create=true

jdbc:derby:memory:testdb

jdbc:derby:classpath:testdb

jdbc:derby:directory:testdb

jdbc:derby:jar(C:/testdb.jar)/market/asia

Note : From JDBC 4.0, loading the driver class explicitly is no longer needed, so you don’t need to care about the driver class name.